Corporate enterprises and established businesses 

Foreign Investor Sentiment and Market Reactions
Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a critical role in South Africa's economy. In 2023, the country attracted close to R100 billion in FDI, accounting for approximately 1.4% of its GDP. This influx underscores global investors' moderate optimism towards South Africa, despite existing challenges.​

Hosting the G20 summit is anticipated to bolster this positive sentiment. The event offers South Africa a platform to showcase its commitment to economic reforms and stability, factors that are pivotal in attracting and retaining foreign investment. The summit also provides an avenue for South Africa to highlight investment opportunities within the country and across the African continent, potentially leading to increased investor interest. ​ However, global economic shifts, such as escalating trade tensions and protectionist policies, pose risks to investor confidence. The recent re-election of U.S. President Donald Trump has introduced uncertainties, particularly concerning potential tariffs and a more isolationist trade stance. These developments could influence global financing conditions and, consequently, affect South African exports and investments. ​

Key Economic Discussions Impacting South African Enterprises
During its G20 presidency, South Africa aims to prioritize several critical issues:​

• Inclusive Economic Growth
  By advocating for policies that promote equitable growth, South Africa seeks to address domestic challenges such as high unemployment and income inequality.
  Emphasizing inclusive growth can create a more conducive environment for businesses to thrive, thereby attracting further investment. ​
• Climate Change and Sustainable Development
  South Africa plans to lead discussions on climate finance, aiming to secure support for developing nations transitioning to green energy. This focus aligns with global sustainability trends and can open new avenues for businesses in renewable energy and related sectors. ​
• Artificial Intelligence and Innovation
  By proposing task forces on artificial intelligence, data governance, and innovation, South Africa aims to position itself and the continent at the forefront of technological advancements. This initiative can stimulate growth in tech industries and improve their competitiveness. ​

Global Economic Shifts and Trade Relations
The global economic landscape is undergoing major transformations that could influence South Africa's trade relations:​

• U.S. Trade Policies
  The Trump administration's protectionist stance, characterized by tariffs on key trading partners, has raised concerns about a potential global trade war. Such measures could disrupt international trade flows, affecting South Africa's export sectors and overall economic growth. ​
• African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA)
  The impending expiration of AGOA in September 2025 adds another layer of uncertainty. AGOA has been instrumental in providing Sub-Saharan African countries, including South Africa, with duty-free access to U.S. markets for thousands of products. The potential non-renewal of AGOA could adversely affect industries that have benefited from this preferential treatment, necessitating the exploration of alternative trade agreements. ​
• Regional Integration
  In response to global trade tensions, South Africa is prioritizing deeper ties within Africa through initiatives like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). This strategy aims to mitigate external shocks and leverage collective economic strength, offering new opportunities for South African businesses.

Implications for the Upcoming G20 Meeting
The convergence of these factors sets the stage for a complex G20 summit in 2025:​

• Balancing Global and Local Agendas
  South Africa faces the challenge of aligning its domestic priorities with broader G20 objectives. Successfully integrating issues like inclusive growth and climate finance into the G20 agenda can show their importance and attract global support.​
• Navigating Geopolitical Tensions
  The absence of the U.S. Secretary of State from the G20 foreign ministers meeting in Johannesburg, citing South Africa's policies as anti-American, highlights the geopolitical complexities. South Africa must adeptly manage these dynamics to maintain constructive dialogues and avoid potential diplomatic rifts that could impact economic relations. ​
• Showcasing Leadership
  As the G20 president, South Africa has the opportunity to demonstrate leadership by fostering consensus on contentious issues. Effective stewardship can improve the country's global standing and, by extension, boost investor confidence.​

Final Thoughts
Africa's G20 presidency in 2025 is a double-edged sword, offering opportunities to influence global economic policies favourably while also presenting challenges amid shifting geopolitical relations. The nation's ability to navigate these complexities will have a great impact on its business environment, affecting foreign investor sentiment and overall economic growth.