Barberton offers visitors a journey through time
Why would anyone want to visit Barberton, a small mining town on the borders of Swaziland, once referred to as the “Jewel of the Lowveld?”
Nestled within the majestic Makhonjwa Mountains, Barberton in Mpumalanga is one of South Africa's most historically rich and geologically significant towns. Located in the De Kaap Valley, Barberton offers travellers more than just scenic beauty. It provides a deep connection to the past, a sense of adventure, and access to some of the oldest rock formations on Earth.
A golden past that still shines
Founded in 1884 during South Africa's first gold rush, Barberton quickly became a boomtown. Prospectors from around the world poured into the valley in search of fortune. Today, remnants of that golden era remain visible in landmarks such as the Phoenix Hotel, the ETC Building, which was the first double story building in the old Transvaal, and the preserved facade of South Africa's first stock exchange. These structures provide a glimpse into the town’s vibrant, if turbulent, early days.
Visitors can explore Barberton’s past in more detail at the Barberton Museum, located in the centre of town. The exhibits include mining equipment, geology displays, and personal stories of the pioneers who helped shape the town. You can go on the clearly marked heritage walk starting at the museum and visit the Old Block house, Fernleigh house, Belhaven, Stopforth, the Anglican Church, the Jock Statue in front of the town hall, and many more historical site.
A UNESCO-listed geological wonder
The Makhonjwa Mountains surrounding Barberton were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018, making them one of only a few such sites in South Africa. Known to scientists as the Barberton Greenstone Belt, this region contains rock formations dating back more than 3.5 billion years.
This makes Barberton an internationally recognised geotourism destination. The mountains tell a story of early Earth and the beginnings of life itself. They are of significant interest to both amateur and professional geologists, as well as nature enthusiasts.
Many university students have spent hours up in the mountains with their lecturers studying the old rocks of the area. Taking a drive up the mountain on the Geo-trail with its clearly marked spots will give even the most uninformed tourist and idea of the importance of this geological area.
A scenic route worth the drive
Barberton’s location adds to its charm. Every road into town crosses a mountain pass, offering panoramic views of the Lowveld. Whether arriving via the R38 from Badplaas through to Low’s Creek via Ezzie’s Pass, or the R40 from Nelspruit, travellers are greeted with winding roads, rich vegetation, and spectacular views.
Once in town, the surrounding scenery continues to impress. The rolling hills, dramatic cliffs, and forested slopes of the Makhonjwa Mountains provide an ideal setting for outdoor activities and photography.
From gold panning to 4x4 adventures
Local tour operator Dusty Tracks offers guided 4x4 trips into the mountains, including stops at historical sites and lookouts with sweeping views. These tours provide unique insights into the area's natural and cultural history. You will visit Eureka City where the gold rush started, as well as the Golden Quarry where the richest gold was mined by hand.
For those interested in hands-on experiences, traditional gold panning sessions are also available. Visitors can try their luck in streams that once drew thousands of hopeful miners.
The town’s layout and walkability allow for self-guided tours of its many historical buildings. Local cafés, art spots, and community-run businesses round out the experience with warm hospitality and local flavour.
A town with stories older than the sea
Barberton may not offer ocean views, but it makes up for it with mountains steeped in ancient stories. It is a place where geology, history, and community intersect. Whether visiting for a weekend or planning a longer stay, travellers will find plenty to explore in this corner of the De Kaap Valley.
